Inclusive Entrepreneurship Policy in Korea, Japan, China, the United Kingdom, the United States, France and Germany, 2024

Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Policy Review (EEPR), 12(3) · September 2025

This report reviews the inclusive entrepreneurship policy that the governments of Korea, Japan, China, the United Kingdom, the United States, France and Germany set out from January to December 2024 for women, young and older people, immigrants, persons with disabilities, the unemployed, rural people, minorities, veterans and the smallest self-employed, in six domains, and analyses it in its context, against theory and in practice. Law moved furthest for the smallest self-employed, finance remained the main instrument, and culture was addressed by weeks, contests and statistics. The best measures protected freelancers, adjusted the debts of distressed owners, lent to women, young and older founders through public lenders, or supported women at universities; the worst left the self-employed outside maternity protection, barred foreigners without a suitable permit from the simplest legal form, or prepared young people for employment only. Persons with disabilities and older people were the least served, and implementation was reported as outputs rather than as who was reached.